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| Associative Learning: Principles and Applications |
| Tuesday, October 8, 2013 |
| 2:00 PM–3:20 PM |
| Salon Merida (Fiesta Americana) |
| Presentation Language:Spanish |
| Area: EAB |
| Chair: Javier Nieto Gutierrez (National Automonous University of Mexico) |
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| An Experimental Task to Study Human Episodic Like Memory |
| Domain: Experimental Analysis |
| ENEIDA STREMPLER (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Angélica Alvarado (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Javier Vila (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) |
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| Abstract: Episodic memory can be experimentally studied considering minimum behavioral terms such as the What, When and Where (WWW) of an episode. Clayton and Dickinson (1998), call episodic-like memory those tasks through which the WWW of an episode is evaluated. Nevertheless, the study of episodic memory in humans is difficult because it is a collection of autobiographical episodes that occur in a single trial (Russell and Davies, 2012). This study evaluated an episodic-like memory experimental task with 1 or 3 trials in children. At the first stage the container A stored 4 $ 5-coins of during a single trial, at the second the container B stored 4 $ 1-coins in a single trial. The test consisted in recovering the participant's favorite coins. One group made the test 24 hours after the training and the other immediately. The same procedure was applied to other two groups; however both containers stored the same amount of coins. Four groups more received the same treatment but each training stage consisted of three trials. The results showed that children remembered the WWW of an episode and that the choice was similar if the training consisted of 1 or 3 trials. |
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| Renewal Effect on a Spatial Search Task with Simultaneous Interference |
| Domain: Experimental Analysis |
| DAVID LUNA (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Alberto Monroy (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Javier Vila (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) |
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| Abstract: In renewal a CR interfered is recovery as a result of a change in the context of interference. Typically this effect is studied with successive interference paradigm (e.g. extinction). The aim of this study was to identify if the renewal occurs in a simultaneous interference paradigm (i.e. overshadowing). Human participants were trained in a spatial search task to locate a hidden goal. In the first experiment the goal was signaled by a compound stimulus (XY) in context A, the less salient stimulus was then tested in the training context (A) or in a new context (B). For the second experiment each stimulus was trained separately, starting with the least salient, in the same context (A) or in different contexts (A, B). A test with the first stimulus was carrying on in the context A. For both experiments, when the training and test context were the same, the CR intensity was less compared to what happened when a context change occurred. These results are discussed in terms of mechanisms that can produce a response recovery. |
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| An Extinction Cue Attenuates The Retrieval Of Operant Responses |
| Domain: Experimental Analysis |
| ALEXIS MARTÍNEZ RAMÍREZ (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Gabriela Cruz (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Rodolfo Bernal (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Javier Nieto Gutierrez (National Automonous University of Mexico) |
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| Abstract: The renewal effect, that is, a partial recovery of the extinguished conditioned response that occurs when testing takes place outside the extinction context has been proposed as an animal model for the treatment and relapse of unwanted behaviors such as phobias or addictions. The main goal of the present experiment was to test whether presentation of an extinction-cue (EC) during testing attenuates the renewal effect. A free operant procedure with rats was used. During acquisition, rats were trained to press the lever for pellets in context A. The extinction phase was conducted in context B. During extinction sessions pressing the lever no longer produced the delivery of pellets, also in these sessions rats received presentations of a tone (i. e., extinction-cue). Testing was conducted in context A. One group was tested with the EC present, while the other group received testing without the presence of the EC. The data showed that the recovery of lever pressing was reduced when rats were tested in the presence of the EC. |
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| Effects Of Spacing Extinction Sessions On The Renewal Of Operant Responses |
| Domain: Experimental Analysis |
| MONTSERRAT CARRASCO LÓPEZ (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Ximena Salinas Hernández (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Rodolfo Bernal (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Javier Nieto Gutierrez (National Automonous University of Mexico) |
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| Abstract: One experiment with rats in a free operant procedure evaluated whether spacing the extinction sessions could prevent the renewal effect. The experiment consisted of three phases: Acquisition, Extinction and Test. Rats were trained for five sessions to press a lever for pellets in context A during acquisition. Then, all rats received four sessions of extinction in context B. Rats in the Massed group received all extinction sessions in a single day; for the Spaced group, extinction sessions were conducted one session per day; rats in the Expanded group received one session per day, but each extinction session was separated by three days. Finally, testing was conducted for all rats in context A. Results showed that the context-switch effect was attenuated by spacing the extinction sessions. |
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