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Instructional Strategies for Learners With Exceptional Needs |
Monday, May 31, 2010 |
10:30 AM–11:50 AM |
Texas Ballroom Salon B (Grand Hyatt) |
Area: EDC |
Chair: Bridget Fleming (Simmons College) |
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An Examination of Behavioral Intervention and Outcomes Beyond the Child With Autism |
Domain: Applied Behavior Analysis |
JANICE DONEY FREDERICK (The ABRITE Organization), Ginger R. Wilson (The ABRITE Organization), Rebecca S. Raas (The ABRITE Organization) |
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Abstract: In the State of California early intervention is provided to infants and toddlers birth to 36 months of age who qualify for services based on evidence of risk factors associated with developmental delays within at least one of the five developmental domains (i.e., adaptive, social/emotional, speech and language, motor and cognitive skill domains). These children receive early intervention services with the aim of minimization, or optimally elimination, of any developmental discrepancies between the repertoires of the children who qualify for services and those of their typically developing peers. Young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder often receive early intervention services based on the principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA). The efficacy of ABA based early intervention has been well documented for young children on the autism spectrum, however, there is considerably less evidence which documents the effectiveness of ABA with young learners at risk for autism or those children who have not received a clinical diagnosis. This presentation will include a thorough description of the characteristics of ABRITE’s intervention program as well as an examination of outcomes, including post-intervention follow up, for children at risk for autism as well as other developmental delays. |
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Teaching Appropriate Play Skills in Young Children With Special Needs |
Domain: Applied Behavior Analysis |
BRIDGET FLEMING (Simmons College) |
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Abstract: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV lists the diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder as the "lack of varied, spontaneous make-believe play or social imitative play appropriate to developmental level as well as delays and abnormal functioning in at least one of the following areas, with onset prior to age 3 years: (1) social interaction, (2) language as used in social communication, or (3) symbolic or imaginative play". Video modeling is a tool when used correctly can remove the need for immediate verbal and physical prompts used to teach appropriate play schemes and skills. The participants in this study are preschool aged children in inclusion and self-contained classrooms, which utilize the principles of Applied Behavior Analysis. Participants were selected for the study based on the amount of language and appropriate motor skills demonstrated during baseline. Baseline consisted of one to three sessions of the student playing independently with a toy. Participants with the least amount of appropriate verbal language and motor imitation during baseline were selected for this study. Training began with students watching the video of an adult appropriately playing with a toy two to three times repeatedly. At this time research suggests that video modeling can teach how to appropriately play in young children, however additional data will be collected. Researchers also intend to investigate if the learned play skills are maintained when the video is removed. |
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Web Design and Accommodations for Persons With Disabilities |
Domain: Service Delivery |
BELINDA DAVIS LAZARUS (University of Michigan, Dearborn) |
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Abstract: The Internet provides access to an unlimited store of information with the click of a mouse. However, most WebPages are designed for non-disabled users and contain features that make it impossible for persons with disabilities to access the information. Graphics, mouse-controlled scripts, sound, and text may be inaccessible for persons with a variety of conditions. For example, persons with visual impairments who may use text-readers are often unable to benefit from graphics, persons with learning disabilities often cannot read the text, and persons with hearing impairments cannot hear audio presentations such as podcasts. Several design considerations and supplements may alleviate some of the obstacles. In other cases, accommodations are needed to provide full access for all users. The proposed presentation will present multiple design considerations along with free software, downloads, and WebPages that provide increased access to the Internet for persons with disabilities. Features of accessible and inaccessible websites will be compared to demonstrate of ways to redesign, eliminate, and/or accommodate for inaccessible elements. |
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