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| Recent Research on Child Behavior Management |
| Monday, May 31, 2010 |
| 9:00 AM–10:20 AM |
| Travis A/B (Grand Hyatt) |
| Area: DEV/CBM; Domain: Applied Behavior Analysis |
| Chair: David A. Wilder (Florida Institute of Technology) |
| Discussant: Matthew P. Normand (University of the Pacific) |
| CE Instructor: Jennifer Austin, Ph.D. |
| Abstract: Three studies on recent advances in managing the behavior of young children will be presented. In the first study, a timeout procedure was evaluated to decrease problem behavior and increase compliance to the timeout demand in five preschool children. In the second study, advance notice was evaluated as a method of increasing compliance among three preschool children. Finally, in the third study, a human operant preparation was used to examine resurgence of problem behavior during treatment integrity failures and extinction. This was then examined in a young child with autism. |
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| Evaluating a Timeout Procedure to Decrease Problem Behavior and Increase Compliance to the Timeout Demand |
| JEANNE DONALDSON (University of Florida), Timothy R. Vollmer (University of Florida), Theresa Marie Yakich (University of Florida), Carole M. Van Camp (University of North Carolina, Wilmington) |
| Abstract: Timeout is a commonly used intervention to decrease inappropriate behavior. Some children refuse to go to timeout when asked, making timeout more difficult for parents and teachers to implement. This study evaluated a timeout procedure designed to decrease inappropriate behavior during free time (either on the playground or at home) and increase compliance to the timeout demand. Participants were 5 typically developing preschool children between the ages of 4 and 5. A reversal combined with a multielement design was used to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two timeout procedures. The timeout procedure designed to increase compliance to the timeout demand allowed the child to serve a 1 min timeout if he or she went to timeout within 10 s of being asked, but required the child to stay in timeout for 4 min if he or she did not comply within 10 s. The comparison timeout procedure required the child to stay in timeout for 4 min regardless of compliance. Both timeout procedures were effective at decreasing inappropriate behavior of the participants thus far, but the effects on compliance have been mixed. |
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| An Evaluation of Advance Notice to Increase Compliance Among Preschoolers |
| JANELLE ALLISON (Florida Institute of Technology), David A. Wilder (Florida Institute of Technology), Katie A. Nicholson (Florida Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: Advance notice of an upcoming instruction was evaluated to increase compliance among three 4- to 5-year-old children who exhibited noncompliance. The procedure was ineffective for all three participants and extinction was necessary to increase compliance. Problem behavior was most common in the advance notice condition for two of the three participants. |
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| Resurgence of Problem Behavior During Treatment Integrity Failures and Extinction |
| TONYA M. MARSTELLER (West Virginia University), Claire St. Peter Pipkin (West Virginia University), Casey Kanala (West Virginia University) |
| Abstract: We conducted two experiments to assess the extent to which resurgence would occur when reinforcement of an alternative response was reduced or discontinued. First, we used a human operant preparation to compare response rates during baseline, differential reinforcement of alternative behavior, omission errors (some earned reinforcers for alternative behavior omitted), and extinction of both responses (as a traditional test for resurgence) with 5 participants. Resurgence of problem behavior occurred during extinction of the alternative response in all of the participants, and during omission errors of the alternative response with 4 of the participants. However, rates of problem behavior were higher during extinction than during omission errors in each of the 4 participants. The second study was a replication with a child diagnosed with autism, who engaged in problem behavior maintained by escape from adult attention. Resurgence of problem behavior occurred during extinction of the alternative response and during omission errors. The rate of responding was higher during extinction than omission errors. The results of both experiments suggest that resurgence occurs during extinction of an alternative response and during one type of treatment integrity failure (omission errors), but that the effect is more robust during extinction. |
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