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| Developmental Disabilities I |
| Thursday, November 29, 2001 |
| 3:00 PM–3:50 PM |
| Council Hall |
| Area: DDA |
| Chair: Carlos A. Bruner (National University of Mexico) |
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| The Use of a Descriptive Probe Assessment Procedure and Subsequent Manipulation of Establishing Operations to Treat Multiply Controlled Maladaptive Behavior |
| Domain: Applied Behavior Analysis |
| JAMES C. K. PORTER (University of Nevada), W. Larry Williams (University of Nevada), Brian Lawton (University of Nevada), Jenn Goodis (University of Nevada) |
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| Abstract: In Study 1, a descriptive assessment will be performed that utilizes conditional probabilities associated with pre-determined antecedent variables for determining the multiple functions (e.g. attention, escape, etceteras) of maladaptive behaviours (e.g. aggression, disrobing, self-injurious behaviours, etceteras) exhibited by participants from varying clinical populations (e.g. developmental disabilities, dementia, traumatic brain injury). An experimental (analogue) functional analysis that involves manipulations of consequences was also conducted for the same participants for purposes of comparison with the descriptive assessment. Following the completion of Study 1, Study 2 will be implemented. In Study 2 an intervention was implemented for all participants based on the results of Study 1. The interventions in Study 2 involved manipulations of establishing operations thereby producing abolishing operations for the targeted maladaptive behaviours. The effectiveness of the interventions was determined by dependent measures that include the frequency and duration (as applicable) of the maladaptive behaviours. Additionally, where applicable, rates of maladaptive behaviour were used. Lastly, for those participants for which skill acquisition programs are run, the number of completed training sessions per day was calculated and for those individuals for whom participation in ADL's and recreational activities are relevant, these formed dependent measures. |
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| An Examination of the Determinants of the Organisation of Behaviors within a Response Class |
| Domain: Applied Behavior Analysis |
| CHRISTOPHER OLIVER (University Of Birmingham, England) |
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| Abstract: Challenging behaviors rarely occur in isolation and are often members of a response class. Within a response class some behaviors can evoke socially reinforcing responses from others more frequently and, in accordance with the matching law, this can influence the relative frequency of responding (Oliver et al., 1999). The determinants of the distribution of social responses to behaviors within a response class warrant examination, with particular reference to the parameters of response efficiency. In this single case study of a man with developmental disability, social responses to challenging and non-challenging behaviors were evaluated in the natural environment and examined in terms of the schedule, latency and magnitude of responses. These parameters of response efficiency differed across challenging and non-challenging behaviors and were significantly associated to how aversive carers found the behaviors. These results are discussed with reference to the role of the aversive properties of challenging behaviours as determinants of differential social responding and ‘choice’ within response classes. |
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