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Functional communication training (FCT) is among the most commonly cited reinforcerbased treatments for problem behavior in the applied behavior analysis literature. Following the publication of the seminal article by Carr and Durand (1985) numerous second-generation studies have evaluated FCT and the components that impact its effectiveness in the treatment of severe problem behavior. Elements that have been studied in terms of their effects on FCT outcomes include antecedent-based variables, aspects relating to target alternative communicative responses consequence-based variables, and factors that impact generalization of treatment effects. Recent studies have also begun to evaluate treatment relapse (e.g., resurgence) pertaining to FCT both in terms of conditions under which it occurs and ways to modify FCT to prevent or mitigate relapse. The current presenter will review the conceptual basis for FCT as well as research pertaining to variables shown to influence FCT outcomes including treatment relapse. He will also present relevant applied and translational findings (including studies in progress and published works) from his applied-based and human operant laboratories.